Wilmington NC Chiropractor – Cardiovascular Effects of Energy
Drinks on Children and Adolescents
High doses of caffeine may exacerbates
cardiac conditions for which stimulants
are contraindicated.17,18,84– 86 Of
particular concern are ion channelopathies
and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,
the most prevalent genetic
cardiomyopathy in children and young
adults, because of the risk of hypertension,
syncope, arrhythmias, and sudden
death.11,86,87
Effects of Energy Drinks on Children
and Adolescents With ADHD
ADHD occurs in 8% to 16% of US schoola ged
children and may be more prevalent
in children with heart disease.88,89
Some 2.5 million US children take stimulants
for ADHD, which may increase
heart rate and blood pressure.89–91
Children with ADHD have higher rates
of substance abuse, including the
abuse of caffeine, which blocks the A2A
adenosine receptors and thereby enhances
the dopamine effect at the D2
dopamine receptor, similarly to the
way guanfacine works for ADHD.92,93 As
with the ADHD stimulants, the combined
effects of energy drinks and antidepressants
are unknown.94 For the
subpopulation with methylphenidate
cardiotoxicity, energy-drink use may
increase cardiac events.95,96
Energy-Drink Use in Children and
Adolescents With Eating Disorders
Children and adolescents with eating
disorders, especially anorexia nervosa,
may regularly consume high amounts of
caffeine to counter caloric-restriction–
associated fatigue, suppress appetite,
and produce looser stools and some diuresis.
71–100 The risk of cardiac dysrhythmias
and intracardiac conduction
abnormalities from high-caffeine
energy drinks in children with eating
disorders at higher risk for cardiac related
morbidity/mortality and electrolyte
abnormalities is disconcerting.91–99
Effects on Caloric Intake and Diabetes
Because obesity is epidemic, caloric
increases from energy-drink consumption
become important. Additional
calories may increase blood
pressure, blood glucose levels, BMI,
calcium deficiency, dental problems,
depression, and low self-esteem.4,101,102
Sugar and caffeine may also synergistically
increase postprandial hyperglycemia,
which is of concern for children
with diabetes.38,51,52
Effects on Bone Mineralization
Early adolescence is the time of maximal
calcium deposition in bone, and caffeine
interferes with intestinal calcium absorption.
103,104 It remains controversial
whether caffeine itself has the most
marked effect on bone acquisition during
adolescence or whether replacement
of milk intake by caffeinated beverages
is the leading contributor.103,104
Marketing of Energy Drinks
Youth-targeted marketing strategies
date to 1987 when Red Bull was introduced
in Austria.100 When it took 5
years to get permission to export Red
Bull to Germany, rumors about its legality
and dangerous effects helped
fuel its popularity, and it became
known as “speed in a can,” “liquid cocaine,”
and a “legal drug.”100
Energy-drink marketing strategies include
sporting event and athlete sponsorships,
alcohol-alternative promotion,
and product placement in media
(including Facebook and video games)
oriented to children, adolescents, and
young adults.43,105 Newer alcoholic energy
drinks, the cans of which resemble
the nonalcoholic counterparts, target
risk-taking youth.43
Contrasting with brand design is the
voluntary fine-print warning label on
some products, which state that they
may not be safe for children, those
who are sensitive to caffeine, or for
pregnant or nursing women.105–107
Excerpted from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/peds.2009-3592v1?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=energy+drinks&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT
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Bottom line is that parents need to keep their kids away from energy drinks. For older children they need to be taught why these drinks are not good for them. And as parents you need to set an example by not relying on these drinks or any other stimulant to keep yourself going. Proper rest, good nutrition, stress release techniques, and chiropractic have been shown to help boost energy levels naturally. If you feel your energy is lacking get evaluated by your local wellness chiropractor.